https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/feed Introduction ENT Disorders means the disorders related to ear, nose and throat. The ears and nose are sensory organs, which are necessary for the senses of hearing, balance and smell. The throat mainly functions as a pathway through which food and fluids travel to the esophagus and air passes to the lungs. Otolaryngology is the medical specialty that deals with disorders and conditions of the ear, nose and throat (ENT) region. Advanced Treatments in ENT Disorders is a repository of methodically peer-reviewed, high-impact publications summarizing the latest research results and issues around the care of people with ENT related problems. The manuscripts published in Advanced Treatments in ENT Disorders strive to deliver high value research articles that can assist in overseeing and delivering best care for patients with ENT disorders. Reasons for Publishing Even though, most conditions of the ear, nose, and throat can be effectively treated or managed, certain conditions and diseases can cause serious health problems. In some cases, especially if the disorders are not detected and treated early, diseases such as cancer and infection involving the ear, nose and throat can cause death. Therefore, Advanced Treatments in ENT Disorders initiated publishing requisite research resources to help educate patients about ear, nose and throat issues. Advanced Treatments in ENT Disorders wants to typeface the causes of ENT disorders and what impact do they have on sufferers, their families and society. Moreover, Advanced Treatments in ENT Disorders also wishes to publish evaluations and analysis on the effectiveness of current and new ways of diagnosing and treating muddles related to ear, nose and throat. Research Article Mahdi Nowroozi 2026-03-24 16:16:43 A basic component of complementary and alternative medicine, bloodletting is also referred to as blood cupping (CP) or cupping therapy (CPT) and blood-letting puncture (CP), which refers to a superficial needle prick in the skin. In East Asia, BL or CPT is a non-medical treatment that is referred to as traditional therapy. Insulin-resistant iron overload syndrome, ischemic stroke, hemochromatosis, iron, external rheumatism, psoriasis, metabolic syndrome, and mental pain in patients with migraine porphyria cutanea-tarda, diabetes, fever, infections, and bronchopneumonia are among the various diseases for which BL is currently used. By using mechanical pressure under vacuum to influence local soft tissue microcirculation, BL improves capillary vascular permeability, increases regional blood circulation flow, stimulates the immune system for feedback control, and improves metabolism. The effectiveness of BLT in various therapies varies depending on the conditions and diseases. The results of laboratory assays indicated the effectiveness of BLT in diseases, and the meta-analysis’s showed that it is an assessment, controlling, and less side effect method than other medical methods. The various types of articles in therapy by the association of BL, titled, studied: for instance, may be helpful as a complementary therapy for acute stroke and eye drops, while BLT may boost lead absorption by lowering iron serum. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1018.pdf Case Report Qing Cao,Chen Kang,Kang Gu,Yin Peng,Yang Lv,Xu-Zhong Ding,Peng Li 2026-01-22 10:58:27 In this manuscript, we present an Hiatal hernia(HH) with situs inversus totalis(SIT) performed by transumbilical single-incision laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair and Nissen fundoplication, which is rarely reported previously. A 62-year-old woman was admitted with a diagnosis of hiatal hernia and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), as proven by Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GERD-Q) scoring, endoscopic, and radiologic findings. The patient had a history of spinal correction surgery for scoliosis five years ago, during which her SIT was identified. We performed a classic LHHR plus Nissen fundoplication for the patient, especially through a transumbilical single incision. An atraumatic method of liver retraction with a Veress needle sheathed by a latex tube and a convenient autosuturing device was used to overcome the difficulties. The patient experienced an uneventful recovery and presented complete resolution of GERD at the one-month follow-up. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1017.pdf Case Presentation Richard Edward Alain Deguenonvo,Ndèye Fatou Thiam,Mouhamadou Diouldé Diallo,Abdou Sy,Amadou Thiam,Abdoulaye Diop,Mame Sanou Diouf,Baye Karim Diallo 2025-04-16 10:14:22 Foreign bodies of the esophagus are part of the traumatic emergencies in ENT. They are most often encountered in children, whereas in adults they occur in a particular context and are rarely overlooked.This was a 48-year-old patient from a neighboring country referred by a colleague for a history of neglected laryngeal contusion with infectious cervical fistula evolving for 2 years. Further questioning revealed a notion of accidental ingestion of dentures. The first endoscopy was of capital interest in especially in the diagnosis and management of this long-retained foreign body. The extraction under general anesthesia was done by a combined endoscopic and external approach. The postoperative course was marked by superinfection and swallowing disorders.Cervical suppurations secondary to esophageal foreign bodies are rare, especially in adults. Clinicians should consider this possibility in the face of any chronic cervical suppuration that resists treatment. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1016.pdf Research Article Arturo Armone Caruso*, Anna Miglietta, Giovanni De Rossi, Liliana Nappi, Veronica Viola, Stefano De Rossi, Salvatore Del Prete, Clara Imperatore, Sabato Leo, Daniele Naviglio, Monica Gallo, Daniela Marasco, Lucia Grumetto 2023-05-31 15:39:45 SARS-CoV-2 is a new pandemic infection that affects at the beginning the upper respiratory system, and, successively, all the organisms, due to cytokine storm, with serious consequences that can reach death. The aim of this work was the observation of the nasal mucosa of enrolled 60 patients, resulting negative for two weeks to the molecular swab for SARS-CoV-2, versus the control group. Rhino-fibroscopy and nasal cytology of nasal mucosa were performed for both the investigated groups. The observation of the samples showed the occurrence of plasmablastic lymphocytes and Downey II lymphocytes type. The former type of lymphocytes was prevalent against the second one, probably because of an immunological “scar”. The rhino-fibroscopy showed a “pseudo ischemia of nasal submucosa” at pre and pericranial levels, not occurred in the control group.The occurrence of atypical lymphocytes in the nasal smear was analog to that observed in the blood peripheral smear, probably caused by mechanisms of local immune reaction and dysregulation like those observed in other virus infections. Our findings suggest that the nasal mucosa study through the nasal cytology, can represent an important predictive tool of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1014.pdf Commentary YRKM Sai* 2021-11-17 15:26:00 The field of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (ENT) has seen tremendous progress in the development of advanced treatments for various ENT disorders in recent years. This progress has been driven by advances in technology and research, which have led to the development of new and improved surgical techniques, medications, and devices. As a result, patients with ENT disorders now have more treatment options than ever before, and the quality of care that they receive has improved significantly. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1012.pdf Review Article Nazia Begam,Abu Bashar 2020-11-09 00:00:00 Noise is widespread in everyday life and can cause both auditory and non-auditory health impacts. Noise-induced hearing loss remains highly prevalent in occupational settings and is now increasingly caused by exposure to social and environmental noise. Incidence of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) has been observed to increase substantially in the recent years. Several advances have taken place in past few years for understanding the molecular basis of NIHL. Our understanding of molecular mechanisms implicated in noise-induced hair-cell and nerve damage has significantly increased. Research in the field of genetics is also advancing at a rapid speed, and several genes linked to NIHL have been discovered. This could help in developing preventive and treatment strategies. This review article focuses on the current research and future trends on auditory effects and consequences of noise pollution in humans, stressing the importance of adequate noise prevention and mitigation strategies as a public health measures. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1011.pdf Research Article Samir Gendy 2020-09-23 00:00:00 The Sino-nasal outcome test (SNOT22) has been widely adopted in clinical practice and has been declared as the most suitable sinonasal outcome scoring system. It is simple disease specific encompassing 22 symptoms reflecting health burden of the rhino- logical patients. Each item quantifies symptoms severity from 0(no problem) to 5 (worst symptom). The sum of each item results in a maximum score of 110. High score indicates poor outcome. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1010.pdf Review Article Sanjeev Davey,Anuradha Davey,Rajesh Jain 2020-05-13 00:00:00 The National Programme for Prevention and Control of Deafness (NPCD) was launched in 2006 by Government of India, but despite its phase wise implementation, the community oriented ear care has not been properly realized in view of existing IPHS Standards 2012 at PHC Level. So understanding of its real impact after implementation is desired. Therefore the Impact of Implementation status of community oriented ear care at the primary health system level on NPCD in India needs exploration. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1009.pdf Research Article Letícia Raquel Baraky Vasconcelos,Paula Ferraz Rodrigues,Paula Liziero Tavares,Audryo Oliveira Nogueira 2019-09-19 00:00:00 Introduction: Disabling hearing loss refers to hearing thresholds superior than 40 dB in the better ear in the adults. The main cause of hearing loss in the elderly is the age-related hearing loss, also called presbycusis. This type of hearing impairment occurs as individuals grow older and is usually sensorineural hearing disorder greater for high-pitched sounds and affects both ears equally. It is estimated that 466 million people worldwide have disabling hearing loss, one third of which are over 65 years old. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of disabling hearing loss in the elderly of Juiz de Fora. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 122 patients. Pure tone audiometry was performed after meticulous physical examination of the external ear. Results: Out of 122 older adults, 85 (69,6%) presented disabling hearing loss. Conclusion: Hearing loss, specially disabling hearing loss, is a frequent condition in the elderly and has a big impact on their quality of life. For that it should be promptly diagnosed so treatment can be initiated. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1008.pdf Research Article Wang Yonghua,Xing Shuoyao 2019-07-12 00:00:00 Objective Study: Whether the narrow-band CE-Chirp ASSR test in the sound field is an objective evaluation method for the hearing aid compensation effect, and whether there is a difference in children with different hearing loss levels. Methods: 39 children (67 ears) wearing full digital hearing aids with good rehabilitation effect and ability to cooperate with behavioral audiometry were selected. The narrow-band CE-Chirp ASSR test group in the sound field was set as the experimental group, and the sound field behavioral audiometry after hearing aid was set as the control group. According to the degree of hearing loss, it was divided into moderate hearing loss group, severe hearing loss group and extremely severe hearing loss group. The difference between test results of experimental group and control group was compared. Results: There were no significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in the moderate hearing loss group and the extremely severe hearing loss group at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4kHz (P > 0.05). The results of the experimental group and the control group in the severe hearing loss group, There was no significant difference at 0.5, 1, 2kHz (P > 0.05), there was a significant difference at 4kHz (P < 0.05), and the mean difference was - 6.4dB HL. When the degree of hearing loss was not grouped, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group at 0.5, 1, 2kHz (P > 0.05), 4kHz was significantly different (P < 0.05), and the mean difference was -3.2dB HL. Conclusion: It is clinically feasible to evaluate the hearing aid compensation effect of the narrow-band CE-Chirp ASSR in the hearing-impaired children. The grouping according to the degree of hearing loss can be more accurate in evaluating the hearing aid compensation effect. The narrow-band CE-Chirp in the sound field of children with moderate and very severe hearing loss ASSR results can be directly used to assess the hearing aid compensation effect, while children with severe hearing loss need to apply correction values at 4kHz. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1007.pdf Research Article Aremu Shuaib Kayode,Tesleem Olayinka Orewole 2019-04-26 00:00:00 Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory condition involving nasal passages and the paranasal sinuses for 12 weeks or longer [1]. It can be subdivided into three types: CRS with nasal polyposis (CRS with NP), CRS without nasal polyposis (CRS without NP), and Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS). To diagnose CRS we require at least two of four of its cardinal signs/symptoms (nasal obstruction, mucopurulent discharge, facial pain/pressure, and decreased sense of smell). In addition, direct visualization or imaging for objective documentation of mucosal inflammation is required. CRS therapy is aimed to reduce its symptoms and improve quality of life as it cannot be cured in most patients. Thus, the goals of its therapy include the following: https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1006.pdf Opinion Mohamed Khamis Tolba Mahmoud Abdalla 2018-05-04 00:00:00 Subglottic hemangioma is the most common vascular tumor of the larynx of pediatrics; in contrast, it is relatively uncommon, accounting for an estimated 1.5% of congenital laryngeal anomalies [1]. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1005.pdf Opinion Petrov SM 2018-01-18 00:00:00 To facilitate understanding some issues of cochlear implantation for new beginners we wrote 1- “The Instruction for audiologists and cochlear implanted patients” and created 2-Demo-program MIMIC. Here are opinions of readers of “The Instruction” and participants of MIMIC. All the ratings are from positive to enthusiastic. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1004.pdf Opinion Petrov SM 2017-10-11 00:00:00 Levels of electrically evoked stapedial reflex thresholds (eESRTs) are frequently used as most comfortable levels (MCL) in cochlear implant fitting. The problem of routine one-channel-technique of reflexometry is long duration of this procedure. In order to “compress the time” we suggest method of consecutive stimulation of all electrodes of implant with simultaneous registration of stapedial reflexes-SWEEP-session. Practical implementation of the SWEEP-session is described here. This method has been successfully used in several hundred CI patients. Registration of evoked electrical stapedial reflex thresholds (eESRTs) during CI fitting is long procedure. In order to “compress the time” we suggest our SWEEP-session method. Practical implementation of this SWEEP-session is described here in accordance with the patent of Russian Federation. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1003.pdf Research Article Ming Zhang,Alysia Jeske,Sarah Young 2017-07-21 00:00:00 Objective:To report findings of improvement in patient tinnitus intensity and changes in frequency using a novel suppressive noise spectrum. Design: Single-subject; each subject served as his or her own control. Each patient received treatment, and changes were measured over time. Setting: Tertiary referral via university otolaryngology and hospital audiology as well as audiology clinics in the region. Patients: Fifteen tinnitus ears in 8 patients. Interventions: Therapeutic and rehabilitative. Main Outcome Measures:: Tinnitus frequency, tinnitus intensity, and tinnitus questionnaire. Results (Findings): After 3 months of exposure to the customized suppressive noise spectrum therapy, patients showed a shift in tinnitus frequency in addition to a significant decrease in tinnitus intensity from the pre-treatment to post-treatment condition (p<0.05). Typically, improvement was gradual based on comparing 3 sets of data collected at baseline, 1.5 months and 3 months. Conclusion: Using suppression in tinnitus is novel. Based on our findings, using a customized suppressive noise spectrum is effective in shifting the frequency, reducing the intensity of subjective tonal tinnitus, and improving the handicap based on THQ test. From this seminal report, factors related to maximizing its effectiveness (e.g., length of listening time, level of hearing loss, and application for alternative tinnitus types) may be considered for future research. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1002.pdf Research Article Sudhakar Pattanaik 2017-06-27 00:00:00 Introduction: Burning mouth syndrome, oral sub mucous fibrosis, leukoplakia, etc are the different manifestations of a common disease as per the surmise of various authors. There is no known cause and no specific treatment. Attempt is made in this study to find a cause and if possible, a treatment. Materials and methods: 38 such cases were taken up in this study. It was found, that the cardinal signs of paucibacillar indeterminate form of Hanseniasis, as per the definition of WHO, are present in all these cases. Also they are found to respond well to the anti-leprotic drugs prescribed by WHO for the Hanseniasis. Conclusion: It is recommended for multicentre trial and further research on this score which would relieve the suffering millions of the world populations. https://www.entdisordersjournal.com/articles/ated-aid1001.pdf